The technical challenges faced when using organic fertilizer equipment mainly include the following aspects:

Fermentation process and equipment: The early composting process was static composting, which often transformed into anaerobic fermentation due to insufficient oxygen supply, generating a large amount of odors such as hydrogen sulfide, which not only polluted the environment but also posed an explosion risk. At present, the common fermentation equipment takes aerobic solid-state fermentation as the core process, but the technology is still in the exploratory and initial stage. The removal of odors, the elimination of pollutants, the preservation of nutrients, the duration of fermentation, and the addition of beneficial microbial strains have become technical challenges in the maturation and fermentation process.

2. Granulation equipment and technology: Common fertilizer granulation processes include drum granulation and disc granulation, etc. The qualified granulation rate and large ball rate are the main measurement indicators, but different organic fertilizer granulators have their own limitations.

3. Drying equipment: The drying process may cause serious air pollution, nutrient loss and reduced fertilizer efficiency, high energy consumption, and large equipment investment. The drying process can be achieved by combining methods such as thermal drying produced by fermentation, solar drying, and air drying, and fully utilizing bioenergy, solar energy, and wind energy to significantly reduce the moisture content.

4. Equipment Maintenance: There are various types of organic fertilizer equipment, including crushing equipment, mixing equipment, granulation equipment, drying equipment, etc. Each type of equipment has its unique maintenance requirements. Equipment maintenance requires professional skills and experience. Maintenance personnel need to understand the working principle of the equipment, fault diagnosis and solutions.

By addressing these technical challenges, the production efficiency and product quality of organic fertilizer production lines can be enhanced, while the environmental impact can be reduced.