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Fermentation process of bio-organic compost

2019-11-23
The fermentation process of biofertilizer project can be easily divided into the following four stages.
bio organic fertilizer production

(1) The stage of fever. In the early stage of composting, the microorganisms in the compost were mainly medium-temperature and aerobic, and the most common were non-spore bacteria, spore bacteria and mold. They start the fermentation process of composting, and under the aerobic conditions, they decompose and easily decompose organic substances, generate a lot of heat, and continuously increase the compost temperature, rising from 20 °C to 40 °C. It is a fever phase, or a medium temperature phase.

(2) High temperature stage. As the temperature increases, the hot microbes gradually replace the moderate temperature species and play a leading role. The temperature continues to rise, generally reaching 50 ° C or more within a few days, entering the high temperature stage. In the high temperature stage, the hot actinomycetes and the hot fungi become the main species. They strongly decompose complex organic substances in the compost; accumulate heat, and the compost temperature rises to 60-70 ° C, even up to 80 ° C. Then most of the good heat Microorganisms also die or go to rest, which plays an important role in accelerating the composting of compost. Improper composting, only a short period of high temperature, or no high temperature at all, so the maturity is very slow, and it does not reach the semi-fried state in half a year or longer.

(3) Cooling stage. When the high temperature stage lasts for a certain period of time, most of the cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin substances have been decomposed, leaving complex components that are difficult to decompose and newly formed humus, and the activity of microorganisms is weakened and the temperature gradually decline. When the temperature drops below 40°C, the moderate temperature microorganisms become the dominant species.

If the cooling stage comes early, it indicates that the heaping conditions are not ideal and the decomposition of plant matter is not sufficient. At this time, the compost tuner machine can be used to turn over the pile, and the stacked materials are evenly mixed to generate a second heat and heat to promote the composting of the compost.

(4) Stage of decomposing and fattening. After composting, the volume is reduced, and the temperature of the pile is lowered to slightly higher than the temperature. At this time, the compost should be compacted, resulting in an anaerobic state, which weakens the mineralization of organic matter, so as to facilitate fertilizer conservation.

In short, the fermentation process of organic compost is actually the process of metabolism and reproduction of various microorganisms. The metabolic process of microorganisms is the process of decomposition of organic matter. The decomposition of organic matter inevitably produces energy that promotes the composting process, increases the temperature, and also dries the wet matrix.
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