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Organic Manure Fermentation Composting Frequently Asked Questions
2020-04-03
The organic fertilizer manufacturing process is to ferment organic waste such as animal manure, crop stalks, rice husks and mushroom residues into organic fertilizer. During the compost fermentation process, there are some common problems that can affect fertilizer fermentation.
Problems: Slow temperature rise: no or slow temperature rise of the reactor
Possible causes and solutions:
1. Raw material is too wet: add dry materials according to the proportion of materials, and then mix and ferment.
2. the raw material is too dry: according to the humidity, add water or wet materials to maintain the moisture at 45%-55%
3. There is not enough nitrogen source: add ammonium sulfate with high nitrogen content to maintain the carbon nitrogen ratio at 20:1.
4. The pile is too small or the weather is too cold: pile up the high pile and add easily degradable substances such as corn straw.
5. PH is too low: when the pH value is less than 5.5, lime or wood ash can be added to mix evenly and adjust the pH of fermentation pile.
Problems: The compost temperature is too high: the compost temperature in the fermentation process is ≥ 65 ℃.
Possible causes and solutions:
1. Poor permeability of compost: use compost turner machine to turn the compost regularly to increase the permeability of fermentation pile.
2. The stack is too large: reduce the stack size.
Problem: peculiar smell: The smell of rotten eggs or rotten smell is constantly emitted from the pile.
Possible causes and solutions:
1. The ammonia content is too high (C / N is less than 20): use deodorant for disinfection and deodorization, and add substances with high carbon content, such as crop straw, peanut shell, rice shell, etc.
2. PH value is too high: add acid substance (calcium phosphate) to reduce the pH value and avoid the use of basic component (lime).
3. Uneven ventilation or poor airflow: mix materials again and change the formula.
4. Material stacking is too dense: remix the pile and add large particles according to the material density.
5. Anaerobic environment: regularly turn the stack with compost turner to increase the oxygen content in the stack.
Problems: Mosquito and fly breeding, there are mosquito and fly breeding in the fermentation pile.
Possible causes and solutions:
1. The raw materials are stacked for a long time before fermentation: the raw materials are treated quickly, and probiotic deodorant is sprayed on the surface to reduce the odor and mosquitoes.
2. Cover the surface of the pile with fresh feces to breed mosquitoes and flies: turn the pile every 4-7 days, and cover the surface of the static pile with a 6 cm composting layer.
The fermented compost can be directly applied to farmland, but it cannot be used as organic fertilizer. The fertilizer lacks some nutrients required by plants and needs further processing. It is best to use a fertilizer granulator machine to make it solid and convenient to use.